Researchers have discovered that ferroelectric fluids can harness an overlooked transverse electrostatic force (TEF) to rise over 80 mm, without magnets or high voltages. By exploiting the fluid's ...

What is Electrostatic Force Microscopy? Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM) is a scanning probe microscopy technique that measures the electrostatic interactions between a conductive probe and a ...

Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is an effective method for examining ferroelectric materials due to its nanometer-level resolution and high sensitivity, inherited from atomic force microscopy ...