Your typical shoulder workout may be full of overhead presses and lateral raises. But banded internal and external shoulder rotations are one underrated exercise duo you don't want to leave out of ...

Eligibility criteria Inclusion criteria were (1) overhead athletes from Olympic or college sports, (2) preseason measures of shoulder ROM, (3) tracked in-season injuries at the shoulder and elbow, and ...

Background GIRD is a condition resulting in the loss of internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint as compared to the contralateral side. Mechanism of GIRD is caused by repetitive throwing such as a ...

Various theories exist regarding the mechanisms of stiff shoulder (SS). Potential etiological factors are adhesive capsulitis, [1] decreased capsular volume, [2,3] capsular contractions, [4] rotator ...