Amy Bell is an expert on investing and personal finance as well as the founder of WritePunch Inc. Amy has 15+ years of experience as a professional journalist, copywriter, and ghostwriter. She ...
Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. Michael Boyle is an experienced financial professional with more than 10 years working with ...
Abstract: A nonlinear observer for surface-mount permanent-magnet synchronous motors (SPMSMs) was recently proposed by Ortega et al.(LSS, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France, LSS Internal Rep., Jan. 2009).